UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 13a-16 OR 15d-16

UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the month of January, 2024

Commission File Number: 001-36815

Ascendis Pharma A/S

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Tuborg Boulevard 12

DK-2900 Hellerup

Denmark

(Address of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F    ☒            Form 40-F    ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1):    ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7):    ☐

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

This report on Form 6-K shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into the registration statements on Form S-8 (Registration Numbers 333-203040, 333-210810, 333-211512, 333-213412, 333-214843, 333-216883, 333-228576, 333-254101, 333-261550 and 333-270088) and Form F-3 (Registration Numbers 333-209336, 333-211511, 333-216882, 333-223134, 333-225284 and 333-256571) of Ascendis Pharma A/S (the “Company” or “Ascendis”) (including any prospectuses forming a part of such registration statements) and to be a part thereof from the date on which this report is filed, to the extent not superseded by documents or reports subsequently filed or furnished.

On January 7, 2024, the Company announced that it will introduce its selected 2024 corporate milestones and Vision 2030, its strategic roadmap through 2030, at the 42^nd Annual J.P. Morgan Healthcare Conference. Details of the update are outlined below.

Selected Key Updates

(lonapegsomatropin, approved as SKYTROFA^® in the U.S. and EU)

(palopegteriparatide, approved as YORVIPATH^® in the EU)

(navepegritide)

Vision 2030: Ascendis Pharma’s 2025–2030 Strategic Roadmap

Achieve blockbuster status for multiple products and expand engine for future innovation.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this press release regarding Ascendis’ future operations, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. Examples of such statements include, but are not limited to, statements relating to (i) Ascendis’ ability to achieve blockbuster status for multiple products and expand its engine for future innovation, (ii) Ascendis’ ability to achieve its 2024 corporate milestones and Vision 2030, (iii) Ascendis’ ability to fulfill Vision 3x3, (iv) Ascendis’ plan to submit a supplemental Biologics License Application to FDA for TransCon hGH in the second quarter of 2024, (v) the timing of topline results from the Phase 2 trial in Turner syndrome, (vi) Ascendis’ expectations with respect to SKYTROFA revenue for 2023 and 2024, (vii) Ascendis’ plan to launch TransCon PTH in Germany in January 2024, (viii) TransCon PTH’s PDUFA date of May 14, 2024, (ix) Ascendis’ plans to launch TransCon PTH in the U.S. in the third quarter of 2024, if approved, (x) the timing of topline results from the ApproaCH Trial, (xi) Ascendis’ plan to submit a New Drug Application for TransCon CNP for children with achondroplasia, (xii) Ascendis’ plan to submit an Investigational New Drug application or similar for TransCon CNP in adults with achondroplasia; (xiii) the timing of topline annualized height velocity data from the COACH Trial, (xiv) Ascendis’ ability to expand its global reach through exclusive sales & distribution agreements with geographic market leaders, (xv) Ascendis’ expectations with regard to the completion of enrollment in BelieveIT-201, (xvi) Ascendis’ plan to provide a clinical update from the Phase 2 portion of indication-specific, dose expansion cohorts in the IL-Believe Trial, (xvii) Ascendis’ expectations regarding its financial results and performance in 2023 and 2024, (xviii) Ascendis’ Vision 2030 (xix) Ascendis’ ability to apply its TransCon technology platform to build a leading, fully integrated biopharma company, and (xx) Ascendis’ use of its TransCon technologies to create new and potentially best-in-class therapies. Ascendis may not actually achieve the plans, carry out the intentions or meet the expectations or projections disclosed in the forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions, expectations and projections disclosed in the forward-looking statements. Various important factors could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that Ascendis makes, including the following: dependence on third party manufacturers, distributors and service providers for Ascendis’ products and product candidates; unforeseen safety or efficacy results in Ascendis’ development programs or on-market products; unforeseen expenses related to commercialization of any approved Ascendis products; unforeseen expenses related to Ascendis’ development programs; unforeseen selling, general and administrative expenses, other research and development expenses and Ascendis’ business generally; delays in the development of its programs related to manufacturing, regulatory requirements, speed of patient recruitment or other unforeseen delays; Ascendis’ ability to obtain additional funding, if needed, to support its business activities; the impact of international economic, political, legal, compliance, social and business factors, including inflation, the effects on its business from the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing conflicts such as that in the region surrounding Ukraine and Russia. For a further description of the risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from those expressed in these forward-looking statements, as well as risks relating to Ascendis’ business in general, see Ascendis’ Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on February 16, 2023 and Ascendis’ other future reports filed with, or submitted to, the SEC. Forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future licensing, collaborations, acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments that Ascendis may enter into or make. Ascendis does not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by law.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.